Verb

Definition:

        ‡h Word Øviv †Kvb KvR Kiv ev nIqv eySvq Zv‡K Verb e‡j|

        Classification:

        Verb ‡K wewfbœ †kªbx‡Z wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q, wb‡æ Verb Gi cÖKvi‡f` ¸‡jv wee„Z n‡jvÑ

1.      Finite Verb:

        ‡h Verb ev‡K¨i A_© cwic~Y© iƒ‡c cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Sub Gi Number I Person Abymv‡i cwieZ©b nq Zv‡K Finite Verb e‡j|

        ‡hgb: (i) I read a book  (ii) He sings a song

2.      Non- finite Verb:

        ‡h Verb ev‡K¨i A_© cwic~Y© iƒ‡c cÖKvk K‡ibv Ges Sub Gi Number I Person Abymv‡i †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv Zv‡K Non- finite verb e‡j|

        ‡hgb: (i) He wants to invite me.  (ii) She wants to sing a song.

3.      Transitive Verb:

        ‡h mg¯— verb Gi Sentence-G A_© cwic~Y© Kivi Rb¨ Object Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv‡K Transitive verb e‡j|

        Example: The boy Catches (the ball)

4.      Intransitive Verb

        ‡h mg¯— verb Object Qvov Sentence Gi A_© cwic~Y© iƒ‡c cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K Intransitive verb e‡j|

        Ex  (i) Birds fly (ii) The baby sleeps

5.      Principal Verb:

        ‡h verb wb‡R wb‡Ri A_© ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K Principal verb e‡j|

        Ex . He plays football.

6.      Auxiliary Verb:

        ‡h verb mvaviYZ tense, Voice, mood MV‡b Principal verb ‡K mnvqZv K‡i Zv‡K Auxiliary verb e‡j|

        Example: (i) I have done the work.  (ii) He is doing the work.

7.      Causative Verb:

        ‡h verb Øviv Aci KviI †Kvb KvR Kivi KviY NUv‡bv eySvq Zv‡K Causative verb e‡j|

        * Example: She feeds the baby.

8.      Copulative Verb:

        ‡h verb mvaviYZ Subject Ges Complement Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© †`Lvq †m verb ‡K Copulative verb e‡j| Copulative verb Gi Aci bvg nj Linking verb

        Example: She is a beautiful girl

9.      Factitive Verb:

        ‡h verb Gi `ywU Object Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq Sentence Gi A_© cwic~Y© Kivi Rb¨ †m me verb ‡K Factitive verb e‡j|  Example: We made him Captain.

10.    Cognate Verb:

        hLb †Kvb Intransitive verb mg‡MvÎxq †Kvb Object ‡hvM K‡i Transitive verb nq ZLb H verb wU‡K Cognate verb ejv nq|

        Example:  (i) He ran a race.  (ii) He Slept a sound sleep.

Non- finite ev verbal

        Non- finite ev verbal wZb cÖKvi, h_v:

                (i) Gerund  (ii) Participle  (iii) Infinitive

1.      Gerund:

        mvaviYZ verb Gi Present form Gi mv‡_ ing ‡hvM K‡i Gerund MVb Kiv nq, Avi Gerund GKmv‡_ verb Ges Noun Gi KvR K‡i| GK K_vq Gerund = verb + ing

        Example:

                (i) Reading book is a good habit

                (ii) He learns drawing  

                (iii) My hobby is reading

2.      Participle:

         ‡h word GK mv‡_ verb I adjective Gi KvR K‡i Zv‡K Participle e‡j| A_©vr Participle = Verb + adjective

        Example: (i) We saw him running

                (ii) There is a broken chair in the room

                (iii) Having seen the film, we shed tears

3.      Infinitive:

        Verb Gi Present form Gi Av‡M to ewm‡i Infinitive MVb Kiv nq, A_©vr Infinitive = to + verb Gi Present form.

        Example:

                (i) To err is human.

                (ii) He is ready to go.

                (iii) This is a house to let.